What is asbestos and why is it dangerous?

Asbestos is a naturally occurring fibrous material that has been mined and used for  thousands of years because of its strength, resistance to fire and insulating properties.

However, when asbestos materials are broken or damaged microscopic fibres may be released which can in turn be breathed deep into the lungs where they can remain and create health problems as the body tries to protect itself.  These can include asbestosis (scarring), pleural plaques and mesotheliomas (tumours on the outside of the lung).

Where am I likely to encounter asbestos?

Asbestos was used extensively in various building materials from post-war to the mid 1980s.  Our asbestos materials page highlights some of the more common types of materials produced and their uses.  Because of their use for insulation, fire protection, etc. many asbestos materials that remain in place will be hidden from sight – such as below floors, above suspended ceilings and so on.  This limits the risk of exposure in everyday living, but heightens the risk of damage and exposure during maintenance or building works.

How do I know if asbestos is present?

Asbestos materials can be identified by taking samples.

In the case of non-domestic properties (offices, factories etc.), the Control of Asbestos Regulations impose a ‘duty to manage’ asbestos materials on those responsible for the premises.  This requires them to identify and record all asbestos materials present, and to have a plan for their safe managment in order to minimise the risk to people using or working within those premises.  Usually, this means having an asbestos survey undertaken.

There is asbestos in my property – must it be removed?

In short, no.  Asbestos removal by its nature is a risky undertaking, and so the general advice is always to leave in place any asbestos material that is in good condition and doesn’t present a hazard.  There should however be an assessment of the risk relating to the state of the materials (typpe of material and degree of damage) and their location (possibility of exposure) which may indicate that removal is the preferred or required option to ensure safety.